Invasive plant fact sheets for plant species trees, shrubs, vines, herbs and aquatic plants that have impacted the states natural lands. Brazilian waterweed home san francisco estuary institute. This page was last edited on 6 december 2014, at 05. It has become a major pest in japan, new zealand and the united states, where it has escaped. When researching egeria densa i found many websites with the same information but there a few that conflicted with each other and thats when it got confusing. Brazilian waterweed is a popular aquarium plant, sometimes sold under the name anacharis. This summary represent collection records only and may not reflect the actual distribution of established populations. It generally roots one to two meters below the water. The leaf margins have very fine saw teeth that require a magnifying lens to see. Egeria densa is a popular aquarium plant that is often sold as anacharis. It is considered a problematic invasive species due to its use in home aquariums and subsequent release into nonnative habitats. Brazilian waterweed, egeria densa frogsbit family pdf developed by the maine natural areas program and university of maine cooperative extension. Data source and references for egeria densa brazilian waterweed from the usda plants database.
This plant can be considered a nuisance and has the potential to flourish in the lowsalinity tidal waters of the chesapeake bay. Egeria densa is an aquatic plant in the waterweed family that inhabits mild to warm. Detecting a spectrally variable subject in color infrared. Egeria densa cannot tolerate high light intensities or high levels of ultraviolet and blue light, as it experiences chlorophyll damage to light levels of 1250 lux. So, some parts of researching this species were difficult and others were very easy. Stems are cylindrical and can be simple or branching. How to tell brazilian elodea and canadian waterweed apart brazilian elodea egeria densa is often confused with canadian waterweed elodea canadensis, as they look nearly identical. The plant can then be exposed to varying intensities and colors of light. Brazilian waterweed, also known as egeria densa, is frequently used in aquariums by newcomers to the fishkeeping hobby. Egeria densa is an invasive plant that has negative impacts on water bodies and is spread by humans. Foliage the finely serrated leaves are usually less than 1 in. Egeria densa, the largeflowered waterweed or brazilian waterweed, is a species of egeria native to warm temperate south america in southeastern brazil, argentina, and uruguay. Also, unlike hydrilla, brazilian waterweed does not form tubers or other storage organs. Maines native waterweeds rarely have more than three leaves per whorl which helps to distinguish them from their invasive look alikes.
Waterweed definition of waterweed by merriamwebster. Waterweed definition is any of various floating or submerged aquatic plants such as elodea having usually inconspicuous flowers. There is also a native species of elodea found in indiana, american elodea e. Egeria densa is an aquatic plant in the waterweed family that inhabits mild to warm freshwaters, such as slowflowing streams in warm, temperate, and tropical regions parsons and cuthbertson 2001. Brazilian waterweed montana weed control association. Brazilian waterweed umaine extension the university of maine. The exotic egeria is also known as brazilian elodea.
Grows from erect, cylindrical stems until it reaches the surface of the water, where it then forms dense mats. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. South america central minas gerais region of brazil, coast. Watch for and remove fragments of hydrilla and brazilian waterweed caught on boat propellers, accidentally pumped. One may confuse brazilian elodea with another exotic weed, hydrilla hydrilla verticillata. Brazilian waterweed, sometimes referred to as brazilian elodea when it was thought to be in the elodea genus, is a submerged aquatic plant. Often confused with hydrilla, egeria densa has a smooth midrib on the underside of the leaf, whereas hydrilla has small teeth. A member of the hydrocharitaceae family, brazilian waterweed is a freshwater, perennial herb. South american waterweed this plant and synonym italicized and indented above can be weedy or invasive according to the authoritative sources noted below. Physical controls on the distribution of the submersed. South america central minas gerais region of brazil, coast of argentina, and coast of. Brazilian waterweed or wideleaf anacharis egeria densa submersed, perennial, freshwater herb.
Brazilian waterweed is a popular aquarium plant that can create dense mats in the wild. Brazilian waterweed can be confused with hydrilla, but hydrillaflowers are much smaller and form along long, thin stalks. While very pervasive in neighboring states, brazilian waterweed is not yet very prominent in wisconsin. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Egeria densa is a submersed aquatic plant that invades freshwater systems throughout much of the united states. Additional resources san francisco estuary institute. This procedure can be accomplished by placing elodea plants in water with baking soda to provide carbon. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above.
Brazilian waterweed is currently present in many parts of the us including the nearby states of new hampshire, massachusetts, vermont and new york. Brazilian elodea how to care for brazilian waterweed. Application of herbicidesdiquat, copperbased product, acrolein, and fluridone have been applied in california in the control of brazilian elodea. Aug 14, 2015 a comparison of brazilian elodea and canadian waterweed. Brazilian waterweed resources national invasive species. Hydrilla will have rough teeth on the underside of the leaves where brazilian elodea will not. Egeria densa cannot tolerate high uvb radiation, as it can damage the enzymes involved in photosynthesis and can reduce photosynthetic capacity casati et al. Brazilian elodeas native range includes some regions of brazil to. Executive office montana weed control association, inc. Number of records does not imply species abundance. An exotic invasive plant egeria densa description egeria densa is a robust submerged aggressive invasive aquatic plant. Hydrilla produces tubers and turions while brazilian waterweed does not. However, brazilian elodea has four leaves per whorl and each leaf is usually around 0.
The small leaves are strapshaped, about one inch long and 14 inch wide. Brazilian elodea is still sold in some areas as an aquarium plant, and it was probably introduced to washington waters by careless dumping of aquariums. For information about umaine extension programs and resources, visit extension. Common waterweed egeria densa egeria densa is not native to florida. Egeria densa ufifas center for aquatic and invasive plants. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. In addition, the need of a hand lens to see teeth on leaf margins distinguishes brazilian waterweed and the native waterweeds as well from hydrilla which has teeth that may be seen without a hand lens if one looks closely. It has several other common names, including brazilian waterweed, south american waterweed, and anacharis. It grows in thick mats of intertwining stems parsons and cuthbertson 2001, which alter the light and nutrients available to the biota where it occurs. Because the plant grows so densely, it can become a problem for management of waterways and habitat restoration pr. King county best management practices for brazilian elodea. Pdf novel species interactions in a highly modified estuary.
Grows rooted in mud, submerged or floating, with stems up to fifteen feet long, 18 inch thick. Risk analysis report of nonnative organisms in belgium from the royal belgian institute of. This submersed plant is rooted, but pieces of it may be found drifting in the water. Find more of our publications and books at extensionpubs. Brazilian elodea is a submerged perennial that looks similar to american waterweed elodea canadensis, a common native aquatic plant. While its considered an invasive plant out in nature, it can make for a great. In this simulation, you will be looking at the production of oxygen as a plant photosynthesizes. Egeria densa is an aquatic plant in the waterweed family that. A species profile for brazilian waterweed from usda, national invasive species information center. Risk analysis of the brazilian waterweed egeria densa planch. This exotic weed is displacing native flora, disrupting navigation and recreational uses of waterways, clogging irrigation intake trenches, and causing reservoirpumping problems. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Areas on the stems known as double nodes play an important role in.
Dense stands of brazilian waterweed can restrict water movement, trap sediment and affect water quality. Also, the leaves of common waterweed tend to get more densely crowded toward the tip then those of slender waterweed. Brazilian waterweed egeria densa prohibited prohibited prohibited broadleaf watermilfoil hybrid myriophyllum heterophyllum x m. It is very popular as an aquarium plant and has been transported across the world for this use. Brazilian waterweed, egeria densa frogs bit family. Brazilian waterweed, has grown uncontrolled in the sacramentosan joaquin delta of northern california for over 35 years and now covers about 2400 hectares of waterways. Dense waterweed egeria densa australian government. Pdf risk analysis of the brazilian waterweed egeria densa. In this system, brazilian waterweed and largemouth bass have seen marked increases in distribution and abundance in recent decades, but their association has not been. The invasive aquatic plant egeria densa brazilian waterweed is a submersed aquatic plant that has expanded its distribution in both its native and introduced range.
Brazilian waterweed san francisco estuary institute. Brazilian elodea has finely toothed leaves that are bright green, bushy, and usually arranged in whorls of four around the stem. Dense waterweed egeria densa summary egeria densa is a submerged, freshwater plant native to south america. Plants profile for egeria densa brazilian waterweed. Brazilian waterweed pdf 540 kb pennsylvania department of conservation and natural resources. Brazilian elodea is a prohibited invasive aquatic plant within indiana and is declared a pest under 312 iac 18323 as well as prohibited from being sold, bartered or otherwise distributed within indiana. Brazilian waterweed is a rooted, submersed perennial. The slender stems of egeria are usually a foot or two long, but can be much longer.
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